Still mixing up surds-what am I missing?

I keep getting tangled with surds again-back in school I always tried to tidy them and I guess I’m still doing it. For example, I caught myself doing sqrt(2) + sqrt(8) = sqrt(10), and even sqrt(12) = sqrt(9) + sqrt(3) = 3 + sqrt(3); could someone explain (maybe using sqrt(12)) why this thinking is off?

3 Responses

  1. Pattern check time: square both sides to test your rule-(sqrt(2)+sqrt(8))^2 = 2+8+2*sqrt(16) = 18, while (sqrt(10))^2 = 10, so sqrt doesn’t distribute over addition; the “tidy” move is to factor inside the root, e.g., sqrt(12) = sqrt(4*3) = 2*sqrt(3) (not 3 + sqrt(3)). I’m pretty sure the only cases where sqrt(a)+sqrt(b)=sqrt(a+b) work are trivial like ab=0 (maybe a=b=1 too?), but otherwise split by factors, not sums.

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